How Nvidia’s 591,078% rally to become the most valuable stock came in waves

Few people early on would have bet the company would go on to become the best-performing stock of the past quarter-century

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The year was 1999. Steve Jobs had recently returned to lead Intel Corp. was the dominant force in semiconductors.

And a little-known chipmaker named made its debut on the It took less than three years for Nvidia to ascend into the , replacing the disgraced oil-trading conglomerate Enron Corp., no less. But even then, few people would have bet that the company would go on to become the best-performing stock of the past quarter-century, posting a total return of 591,078 per cent since its , including reinvested dividends.



It’s a difficult number to comprehend and a testament, in part, to the financial mania brewing around and how investors have come to see Nvidia — which makes the cutting-edge chips powering the technology — as the single-biggest winner of the boom. On Tuesday, that run culminated in Nvidia unseating Microsoft Corp. as the world’s most valuable company with a market capitalization of US$3.

34 trillion. More than US$2 trillion of that value has been added this year. The company’s rise was by no means assured and neither is its staying power at the top of the S&P 500.

Long-time investors in Nvidia have had to stomach three annual collapses of 50 per cent or more in the stock. Sustaining the current rally will require customers to keep spending billions of dollars a quarter on AI equipment, whose returns on investment are so far relatively small. What ultimately paved the way for Nvidia to climb to the top, though, was the company’s big bet on graphics .