16 hours Ago By Ashima Sharda Mahindra
Autism Spectrum Disorder - a neurodevelopmental condition that affects communication, social skills, and behaviour, especially in small kids. While according to experts, some genetic mutations, which seem to be inherited, cause it, research is currently underway to explore whether factors such as viral infections, medications or complications during pregnancy, or air pollutants play a role in triggering autism spectrum disorder. However, many studies also talk about growing evidence of a strong connection between autism and gastrointestinal or GI disorders.
“Many individuals with autism experience chronic digestive issues such as constipation, diarrhoea, bloating, and acid reflux. These symptoms not only impact physical health but can also exacerbate behavioural challenges, making their management crucial for improving the overall quality of life,” Dr. Aravind Badiger, technical director of BDR Pharmaceuticals, told Times Now.
According to Dr. Badiger, the gut-brain axis plays a significant role in this connection. Research suggests that the gut microbiome—comprising trillions of microorganisms—has a direct influence on brain function.
“In individuals with autism, studies have shown an altered gut microbiota composition, often leading to increased intestinal permeability, commonly referred to as "leaky gut." This can trigger inflammation, which has been linked to both gastrointestinal discomfort and neurodevelopmental symptoms,” he said. Related News | Bloated, Tired, And Uncomfortable? This Hidden Gut Issue Might Be To BlameAutism Now Affects 1 In Every 31 Children In The US—Experts Reveal WhyAdditionally, gut bacteria are involved in the production of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which regulate mood, cognition, and anxiety—factors often affected in autism.
What happens in gastric issues? Dr. Badiger says children with autism are more prone to digestive disorders, and their symptoms are frequently overlooked or misattributed to behavioural issues. “Constipation is a common concern, often resulting from restrictive diets, sensory aversions to certain foods, or low fibre intake.
Many autistic individuals also experience diarrhoea, which may stem from gut microbiota imbalances, food intolerances, or malabsorption issues,” he said. Related News | World IBS Day: How Ultra-Processed Foods and Summer Heat Could Be Making It WorseGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is another frequent problem, causing discomfort that can lead to disrupted sleep and feeding difficulties. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is also prevalent, with symptoms often triggered by stress or dietary changes.
How to reduce gastric issues? Pharmaceutical and therapeutic approaches have been explored to manage both autism-related symptoms and coexisting GI disorders. Probiotics and prebiotics are increasingly recommended to help restore gut microbiota balance, with some research indicating that these interventions may also positively impact behaviour. Also, certain dietary interventions, like gluten-free and casein-free diets, have been adopted by many families, though conclusive scientific evidence supporting their effectiveness remains limited.
Medications, including laxatives for constipation, antacids for acid reflux, and treatments for IBS, are often prescribed to alleviate discomfort. In recent years, novel therapies such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have been investigated, showing promise in early clinical studies for improving gut health and, potentially, behavioural symptoms. The pharmaceutical industry continues to explore innovative solutions targeting the gut-brain connection.
Microbiome-based therapies, including symbiotics and postbiotics, are under investigation for their potential to improve both GI and neurological symptoms in autism. Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary treatment approach involving gastroenterologists, neurologists, dietitians, and behavioural therapists are key to ensuring better outcomes..
